Social Control, Discipline and Regulation Assignment

Social Control, Discipline and Regulation - Assignment Example 71). Divided into four parts, this paper will evaluate the concepts of crime and crime control; access Foucault’s contribution critically; analyse and assess the 1960’s anti-institutional consensus; and critically assess the alternative method of social control as proposed by Braithwaite. Crime entails unlawful acts or omissions that are punishable by the laws of the concerned states in which the acts and omissions take place (Valier 2001, p. 425). The acts and omissions are not only harmful to specific individuals, but also the community and state as well. On the other hand, crime control involves the plans instituted to work towards removing criminal activities from the community. The emphasis of crime control is on the use of sanctions, seeking to deter the occurrence of crime by threatening harsher punishments such as the death penalty. Conservative measures of crime control include incarceration, boot camps and capital punishment. The concept of crime control puts emphasis on the protection of society and taking care of victims as the criminal justice system’s priority. However, a critical evaluation of crime control reveals that it condemns modern criminal justice systems and law enforcement (Clarke & Guerette, 2007, p. 230). This is because crime contro l focuses on the creation of comfortable environments at the expense of increasing legal consequences of crime, police manpower and efficient programs to care for victims. The model of crime control often conflicts with the legal system, with its proponents arguing that the legal system affects the way law enforcement perceives criminal justice, compromising its efficiency. As proposed by advocates of crime control, the police must be given more power and allow harsher punishments for perpetrators of crime, hence reducing the legal system’s power over criminal justice. This model may have had its effective era when stricter punishment meant less crime but, taking the United States as an

Essay on the Russian Revolution Essay Example for Free

Essay on the Russian Revolution Essay The Russo-Japanese War lasted from 1904 to 1905, and arose from both Japan and Russia’s desire for expansion and dominance in Korea and Manchuria. Russia suffered many great defeats in this war, against a nation that was considered inferior and was not one of the Great Powers. This humiliated the people of Russia, and caused them to lose confidence in Tsar Nicholas II, as well as causing great military, economic, and political problems for Russia. When the Russo-Japanese War erupted in 1904, Russia was not fully prepared to involve itself in a war. The Trans-Siberian Railway was not completed and would not be until 1905, so Russias army was not fully mobile. Russia’s inability efficiently mobilize caused them to lose battles to the Japanese and to eventually lose the war itself. The Russians were optimistic; as they were sure their vast superiority of numbers would easily defeat the tiny Japan, but this was not to be. Japan, with their advanced technology destroyed the Russian Army, armed with their primitive weapons as compared to the Asians. Huge military defeats were caused by the Russo-Japanese War, which highlighted the weakness of the military and caused national humiliation. Russia, all along had prided themselves on military excellence. An example of such a defeat was in January 1905 when the army had to surrender their Port Arthur naval base in Northern China, which they had possessed before the start of the war. Another example of a great failure of the military was at the Battle of Tsushima in May 1905. The Russian Baltic fleet consisting of the 35 warships had sailed from northern Europe to the Far East, only to lose 25 warships in a defeat by the Japanese navy. The crushing of Russian’s military added impetus to the 1905 Revolution, as it made the people of Russia aware of the weakness of their military and ashamed to be Russian. They were losing to a nation very few had heard of and it was humiliating,  this caused the opposition to autocratic rule by the Tsar Nicholas II. The Russo-Japanese War brought about economic problems for Russia, and this therefore meant there was a significant lack of money to solve any other problems present Russia. The war, as all wars do, cost an extreme amount of money. As it resulted in failure no money could be gained from the invaded territories. Russia had already had economic problems, and its economy was still far behind that of other Great Powers. Russia needed more money to invest in the economy to enlarge it, to make it more comparable to other Great Powers. The backwardness of Russia compared to these other Great Powers was another source of national humiliation for the people of Russia. Furthermore, the lack of money meant that the government could do nothing about the living and working conditions in towns and cities, or the problems in the rural areas of Russia. Consequently, the economic problems brought about a dent in national pride and Russia’s being unable to solve any of its other problems due to financial constraints. Both the peasants and the landowners were suffering. People were starving Agriculture was very behind that of other countries, as under the Witte system nothing had been done to improve it. Therefore the land was not cultivated properly, and famines occurred quite regularly such as the one in 1902 as well as the one in 1905, even with all this the peasants were still required to provide food for the Russian Army at war. There were also political implications of the Russo-Japanese War. The war was fought in the very far eastern reaches of the country, far away from where the majority of the population lived, and hence they must have felt removed from it, especially as news was still slow to travel. There was therefore little public enthusiasm for the war. Many people felt there was little justification for it: public opinion was not on the side of the war. Moreover, the military was very ill-equipped for the war. This showed to the people of Russia the government’s failings, and caused people to turn away from the Tsar as a leader, and look elsewhere, such as to political groups who were prepared to take radical action to achieve their aims, the people had lost faith in the Tsar. Political groups such as the Bolsheviks and Mensheviks took advantage of the peasant discontent and tried to turn the peasants against the Czar and more towards radicalism and liberalism. On Sunday, 22nd January 1905, more than 200 000 workers, led by a priest of the church by the n ame of Father Gapon, took  part in a peaceful demonstration in St. Petersburg (later known as Petrograd, and then Leningrad). They proceeded to the Winter Palace to present a petition to the Tsar. The petition, written by Gapon, made clear the problems and opinions of the workers and called for improved working conditions, fairer wages, and a reduction in the working day to eight hours and medical benefits. Other demands included an end to the Russo-Japanese War and the introduction of universal suffrage. They also wanted a parliament, or a Duma, to represent their views. The unarmed demonstrators were shot at by the Tsars troops (The Imperial Guard). This is referred to as the â€Å"Bloody Sunday†. There were many outbursts after that. Troops mutinied, peasants rose up and there were strikes and riots emerged. In the October Manifesto which was drafted by Sergei Witte, who became Russias first prime minister, Tsar Nicholas II was forced to : (1) Grant to the population the inviolable right of free citizenship, based on the principles of freedom of person, conscience, speech, assembly, and union. (2 ) Without postponing the intended elections for the State Duma and insofar as possible †¦ to include in the participation of the work of the Duma those classes of the population that have been until now entirely deprived of the right to vote, and to extend in the future, by the newly created legislative way, the principles of the general right of election. (3) To establish as an unbreakable rule that without its confirmation by the State Duma, no law shall go into force and that the persons elected by the people shall have the opportunity for actual participation in supervising the legality of the acts of authorities appointed by it† A Duma was elected in 1906, dominated by the middle-class Kadet party, the Duma was supposed to be able to enact legislation that would bind even the Tsar but even this proved too radical in its demands for the Tsar. The Tsar was determined to preserve his autocracy even in the context of reform and he restricted the Dumas authority in many ways. The Tsar issued the Fundamental Laws. It stated in part that Tsars ministers could not be appointed by, and were not responsible to, the Duma, thus denying responsible government at the executive level. Furthermore, the Tsar had the power to dismiss the Duma and announce new elections whenever he wished. He also restricted the franchise to the property-owning classes. The Tsar never allowed the Duma to be anything more than an advisory committee. This idealized vision of the  Romanov monarchy blinded him to the actual state of his country. With a firm belief that his power to rule was granted by Divine Right, Nicholas assumed that the Russian people were devoted to him with unquestioning loyalty. This ironclad belief rendered Nicholas unwilling to allow the progressive reforms that might have alleviated the suffering of the Russian people. Tsar Nicholas II tried to deal with the pressures for change by increasing police powers; there was brutal suppression of dissent and the civil rights granted in 1905 gradually restricted. Witte resigned and was replaced in July by Stolypin, who combined ruthlessness in dealing with unrest with a thoughtful programme of agrarian reform which tried to remove the legacy of debt and land hunger and create a class of peasant farmers loyal to the regi me. Stolypin had fallen out with the Tsar even before he was assassinated in 1911, and after this Nicholass ministers were of limited ability. Even before the start of the First World War unrest was breaking out again, but the onset of war, and the rapidity and magnitude of Russian defeats, greatly weakened the political and economic structure of the country. Alexis, Tsar Nicholas IIs son suffered from haemophilia, where his blood was unable to clot after bleeding due to a lack of platelets in the blood. Rasputin claimed to be a holy monk from the remote wastelands of Siberia, and was able to use his supernatural healing powers to heal Alexis. Granted, Rasputin could ease some of Alexis pain, but most of what he did seemed a scam .The Tsarina (the Tsars wife) doted on her son and thus naturally treated the monk better, since Grigori Rasputin did what doctors couldn’t do, which was to help her son with his sickness and to help stop his pain. In 1911 Stolypin ordered Rasputin out of St. Petersburg, and the order was obeyed. Stolypins minister of religion, Lukyanov, on the reports of the police, ordered an investigation that produced abundant evidence of Rasputins scandalous deeds. From this time on, the Tsarina detested Prime Minister Stolypin. After Stolypin was assassinated, the Tsarina brought Rasputin back to St. Petersburg. Rasputin abused his authority and replaced many ministers with his own family and friends, regardless of whether the previous ministers were good. Some of his decision in the countrys administration were also foolish and led to many problems. This naturally led to people disliking Rasputin severely and thus blaming the Tsar for his trust in this incompetent person. In 1915 Tsar Nicholas II unwisely chose to take direct command of field operations, personally overseeing Russia’s main theatre of war, leaving his German wife, Tsarina Alexandra as regent in charge of affairs in the capital. Alexandra was very unpopular with the Russian people, who accused her of collaboration with the Germans. Alexandra had no experience of government and under the influence of Rasputin constantly appointed and re-appointed incompetent new ministers, which meant the government was never stable or efficient. This was particularly dangerous in a war of attrition, as neither the troops nor the civilian population were ever adequately supplied; the country was plunged into further state of crisis. By 1917 the regime was in a parlous state with revolutionary unrest spreading among the troops and workers, peasants seizing the large estates and (a decisive new factor compared with the events of 1905) signs of disunity and disaffection amongst the ruling à ©lite and police, first shown in the murder of Rasputin by conservative nobles on Dec. 31, 1916. When Nicholas II entered the First World War, his desire was to restore the prestige that Russia had lost during the Russo-Japanese war. Nicholas wanted to galvanize the diverse people in his empire under a single banner by directing military force at a common enemy, namely Germany and the Central Powers. A common assumption among his critics is that he believed that by doing so he could distract the people from the ongoing issues of poverty, inequality and poor working conditions that were sources of discontent. Instead of restoring Russia’s political and military standing, World War I lead to horrifying military casualties on the Russian side and undermined it further. By 1915 (during World War I), there were manifold signs that the economy was breaking down under the heightened strain of wartime demand and the Tsar’s mis-management of the country’s funds. Over fifteen million men joined the army( due to conscription), which left an insufficient number of workers in the factories and on the farms. Conscription also stripped skilled workers from the cities and they had to be replaced with unskilled peasants. The result was widespread shortages of food and materials. Factory workers had to endure terrible working conditions, including twelve to fourteen hour days and low wages. Many riots  and strikes for better conditions and higher wages broke out. Although some factories agreed to the requests for higher wages, wartime inflation nullified the increase. Industrial workers went on strike and effectively paralyzed the railway and transportation networks. What few supplies were available could not be effectively transported. As goods became more and more scarce, prices skyrocketed. People were suffering, they began to turn to prostitution or crime( there was an increase in crime), people were begging, they were tearing down wooden fences to keep stoves heated for warmth. Also famine threatened many of the larger cities. The vast demand for factory production of war supplies and workers caused many more labor riots and strikes. In addition, because more factory workers were needed, peasants moved out of the country and into the cities, which soon became overpopulated, and living conditions rapidly grew worse. Furthermore, as more food was needed for the soldiers, the food supply behind the front grew scarce. Soldiers themselves, who were suffering from lack of equipment and protection from the elements, began to turn against the Tsar. This was mainly because as the war progressed, many of the officers who were loyal to the Tsar were killed and they were replaced with discontented conscripts from the major cities who were much less loyal to the Tsar. Russia’s first major battle was a disaster. In the 1914 Battle of Tannenberg, over 120, 000 Russian troops were killed, wounded or captured, while Germany suffered only 20,000 casualties. In 1915, things took a critical turn for the worse, when Germany shifted its focus of attack to the Eastern front. The superior German army destroyed the unequipped Russian forces. By the end of October 1916, Russia had lost between 1.6 and 1.8 million soldiers with an additional two million prisoners of war and one million missing. Soldiers went hungry and lacked shoes, ammunition and weapons. Rampant discontent lowered morale, only to be further undermined by a series of military defeats. The Tsar was blamed for all these crises and what little support he had left began to crumple. As this discontent grew, the State Duma issued a warning to Nicholas in November of 1916 stating that disaster would overtake the country unless a constitutional form of government was put in place. In typical fashion, Nicholas ignored them. The people were upset with the Tsar and his lack of care about his people. He was the reason they were suffering. The people were disgusted with his inept handing of the  country. Alexander Kerensky was a young and popular lawyer who gained a reputation for his work as a defense lawyer in a number of political trials of revolutionaries. Afterwards he gained a reputation for his work as a defence lawyer in a number of political trials of revolutionaries. He was elected to the Fourth Duma in 1912 as a member of the Trudoviks, a moderate labour party who were associated with the Socialist-Revolutionary Party. He was a brilliant orator and skilled parliamentary leader of the socialist opposition to the regime of the ruling Tsar, Nicholas II. When the February Revolution broke out in spring of 1917, Kerensky was one of its most prominent leaders: he was a member of the Provisional Committee of the State Duma and was elected vice-chairman of the Petrograd Soviet. He simultaneously became the first Minister of Justice in the newly formed Provisional Government. Kerensky became the Minister of War and the dominant figure in the newly formed government and in July of that same year he became Prime Minister. However, as Prime Minister he made two major errors. He ensured that Russia stayed in a war that was detested in the country itself. The overwhelming bulk of the population wanted Russia to withdraw from the war. There must have been few families, especially among the poor, who had not experienced personal tragedy between 1914 and 1917. His second mistake was not to offer the peasants land. Lenin did just this and immediately got the support he and the Bolsheviks needed at the expense of Kerensky. Kerensky also invited the Mensheviks to take part in the administration. To undermine the support of the Bolsheviks, Kerensky ordered that elections should take place for a constituent assembly. The elections were to be held in January 1918. Lenin had called for such elections earlier in 1917, so he could not object to this. As Kerensky argued, it was simply an extension of the democratic process denied to the people by the Romanovs. However, all the evidence indicated that the Bolsheviks would have done less well than other groups including the Mensheviks. On September 1st 1917, Kerensky declared Russia a republic. Vladimir Lenin was exiled in neutral Switzerland, when he heard of the revolution he made arrangements with the German government for permission to travel back to Russia. German officials agreed, evidently assuming that Lenin’s activities might weaken Russia, or if the Bolsheviks  came to power, lead to Russia withdrawing from the war with Germany. He arrived in Petrograd in April 1917. Lenin demanded that the Provisional Government give â€Å"All Powers to the Soviets† in addition to the speedy conclusion of the war without annexation, the renunciation of all secret diplomatic agreements, the control of factories by workers and the immediate seizure of land by peasants. He convinced his Bolshevik supporters that the seizure of power by the Soviets would be the signal for a European-wide socialist revolution. To prepare for the seizure of power, his Bolshevik supporters set out to win support from the masses in the soviets. Vladimir Lenin was the architect and first head of the USSR, led the October Revolution, which was effectively a coup detat. Lenin justified his violent seizure of power from the Provisional Government as merely a transfer of authority to the soviets, the popular councils elected by workers and soldiers that sprang up everywhere after the fall of the tsar. Lenin declared the formation of a Soviet government, withdrew Russia from World War I, and invited the peasants to take charge of the land that had formerly belonged to the nobles, state, and church. At the same time, Lenins government quickly moved to shut down opposition political parties and to censor the press, introduced conscription for the Red Army, and requisitioned grain from the peasants in order to fight the bloody Russian Civil War of 1918–1920. In January 1918, Lenin closed down the Constituent Assembly after the Bolsheviks won only 24 percent of the popular vote. In 1918, Lenin renamed the Bolshevik Party as the Communist Party. Although Lenin was ruthless, he was also pragmatic. When his efforts to transform the Russian economy to a socialist model stalled, he introduced the New Economic Policy, where a measure of private enterprise was again permitted, a policy that continued for several years after his death. In 1918, Lenin narrowly survived an assassination attempt, but was severely wounded. When Lenin was badly injured in a failed assassination attempt on August 30, 1918, his government quickly responded with the September 5, 1918, announcement of a policy of Red Terror that would take the form of arrests, imprisonments, and murders. Trotsky was a Marxist and for a long time worked as an independent  revolutionary in Russia. Before 1914 he had attempted to bring about great cooperation between the Mensheviks and the Bolsheviks but her failed. In 1917, after the March Revolution, he returned from exile in America. In July, he decided to join the Bolsheviks. Leon Trotsky was a Communist theorist, prolific writer, leader in the 1917 Russian Revolution, and the peoples commissar for foreign affairs under Lenin and then head of the Red Army as the peoples commissar of army and navy affairs. He was also elected as the President of Petrograd Soviet. Joseph Stalin was a Bolshevik leader who became prominent only after Lenin’s return to Petrograd in April 1917. Although Stalin was very much a secondary figure during the October Revolution, he did gain Lenin’s attention as a useful ally. Stalin had a very important, yet secretive job. He was to provide disguises and safe houses and to arrange safe passage out of Petrograd to Finland, with guides and bodyguards, for Lenin, had the revolution not worked out as planned. Following the October coup, Lenin gave him a position in the government as commissar of nationalities. As Stalin was a member of an ethnic minority as he was from the central Asian region of Georgia, not Russia. Lenin felt he would be an effective ambassador of sorts to the many ethnic minorities within the former Russian Empire. After the revolution, Stalin became increasingly powerful and eventually succeeded Lenin as leader of the Soviet Union upon Lenin’s death in 1924. Kerensky Provisional Government fell On October 25-26, 1917when Vladimir Lenin and his Bolshevik supporters overthrew it in the October Revolution (coup d etat). There are many reasons as to why the provisional government fell. The Provisional Government fell because they insisted to continue fighting in the First World War, although things were going so badly. Millions of soldiers were dead and injured, also the soldiers lacked proper equipment and weapons to fight effectively, and they also had little to no training in war tactics. Also the failure of the Brusilov offensive is an important factor. The Provisional Government also did not solve the economic problems that Russia was facing. There were stills strikes and riots. Shortages continued and the people saw now improvement. By this time there was subsequent unpopularity of Alexander Kerensky who the most prominent person off the Provisional Government (War Minister and Prime Minister). Also in October with the crisis building, the Bolsheviks saw the opportunity to seize important institutions in Petrograd  such as banks and railways. The Russian Civil War, which broke out in 1918 shortly after the revolution, brought death and suffering to millions of people regardless of their political orientation. The war was fought mainly between the Red Amy (Reds), consisting of radical communist and revolutionaries, and the Whites consisting of: the monarchist, conservatives, liberals and moderate socialist who opposed the drastic restructuring championed by the Bolsheviks. The Whites has backing from nations such as the UK, France, USA and Japan. Also during the Civil War, Nestor Makhno led a Ukrainian anarchist movement which generally cooperated with the Bolsheviks. However, a Bolshevik force under Mikkhail Frunze destroyed the Makhnovist movement, when the Makhnovists refused to merge into the Red Army. In addition the so-called â€Å"Green Army† (nationalist and anarchist played a secondary role in the war, mainly in Ukraine.

Atmospheric pollution

Atmospheric pollution Executive Summary Harmful gases, liquids or solids may be present in the atmosphere causing air pollution. There are however different types of pollutants of air. This paper discusses atmospheric air pollution and the resultant ecological problem, factors that lead to or that are affected by air pollution, in this regard, living and non living factors, the subsequent human impacts, considering positive and negative impacts, the current approaches taken for sustainability purposes, how such strategies may be achieved or attained, and the role of the government, society and international bodies. Introduction Air pollution is the availability of harmful substances in the atmosphere in gaseous, liquid, or solid form. Air pollution can be caused by various pollutants including: Particulate matter: this consists of aerosols in liquids, solids or gases suspended in the atmosphere due to burning of coal in industrial processes. The presence of aerosols in the air hastens the corroding and erosion of metals and building materials respectively. Inhalation of air containing particulate matter can interfere with the respiratory system of humans. This can result in cancer, asthma, bronchitis or other diseases (EPA, 2008). Sulphur oxides: these usually arise from the burning of coal and fumes from industrial processes. Due to the acid nature of the oxides, materials, human respiratory system and the vegetation end up being damaged (EPA, 2008). Carbon monoxide: this is a colourless, tasteless and odourless gas that humans have no protection against. Blood that is infiltrated with carbon monoxide carries less oxygen to other body parts. This can cause many health complications (EPA, 2008). Hydrocarbons: these are chemical compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen as the only elements. Just like carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons are also emitted by motor vehicles and emissions from industries. They result when there is partial burning of engine fuel. Under sunlight, hydrocarbons form ground level ozone which is manifested in smog. Besides that, ground level ozone can irritate the eyes, damage the lungs, and cause multiple respiratory problems (EPA, 2008). Nitrogen oxides: this usually results from high temperature combustions in motor vehicles and power plants. These oxides contribute raise the acidity in the air raising precipitation and smog production. Nitrogen oxides are dangerous to humans because they cause serious illness and deaths even though the exposure to nitrogen oxides may be short (EPA, 2008). Carbon dioxide: this is a gas that is described as natural in the atmosphere. It is produced by burning substances. It is vital for living organisms. There are other air pollutants that include the following: radioactive pollutants, ammonia, chlorofluorocarbons, toxic metals (like lead, copper and cadmium) and radioactive elements. All these pose a danger to the human health (EPA, 2008). Problem Description The presence of any pollutants in the air causes air pollution. Thus, the presence of all contaminants and toxins in the atmosphere forms atmospheric pollution which is also an ecological problem. Living organisms and the entire ecosystem suffer from health and ecological problems caused by atmospheric pollution. An average person inhales 20,000 litres of air per day. By breathing, we risk taking in dangerous substances or chemicals found in the air. Air is found anywhere and everywhere. Therefore, air pollution can be found in both indoors and outdoors. Pollution of the air can cause many diseases that include; cancer, tuberculosis, emphysema, among many others. The depletion of the ozone layer causes global warming which in turn results into the melting of the icecaps in Polar Regions hence the rising of the sea levels. The air was fairly clean until the industrial revolution. With the industrial revolution, many substances stated being burnt increasing the number of pollutants in the air. The rate of air pollution has been on the increase since then to date resulting in the growth of the hole in ozone layer above the Antarctica. This explains why the world leaders from the G 20 are worried and calling for frequent meetings concerning the global warming (Kurylo, 2010). With continued air pollution, the ozone layer will increase in depletion to an extent of allowing in more ultra violet ray s of the sun. The Ultra-violet rays of the sun are dangerous to the humans. They are responsible for causing cancer in countries like Australia. Dr Kurylo (2010) argues that the ozone layer has some weaknesses whose observation renews the concerns about the possible consequences and possible remedies. The Montreal Protocol of 1987 was expected to help reduce gaseous emissions like chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide etc to the atmosphere (Kurylo, 2010). Global Warming Recently world leaders had gathered in Copenhagen Denmark to discuss the way forward on carbon reduction to ease global warming. The theme was global warming. Global warming has been described as a scenario in which there is increased world temperature. This usually results from increased carbon emission that inhibits earths radiation from radiating back into the atmosphere which results in accumulated solar heat in the lower parts of the atmosphere. The major issue that is surrounding the global warming topic today is increased heat in the world that has affected man by far and wide in every aspect. Man is yet to discover better ways of using the much energy at his disposal that matches its rate of input. This article discusses the current modes of using solar energy (including solar cells), the new modes and the latest discoveries that include use of hydrogen as a form of energy. All these ways are aimed at reducing emission of carbon dioxide which is the core source of the problem s. Not every part of the world gets equals amount of sunshine. Much of the sun is concentrated in the tropics with the Polar Regions experiencing little or no sunshine depending on the season (Unep, 2003). Factors that contribute to global warming Green house gases: Global warming is highly attributed to increased green house gases (mainly carbon dioxide and methane) in the atmosphere. These gases are emitted to the atmosphere through human activities like industrial activities, burning of fossil fuels, agricultural and deforestation activities. These gases reabsorb the thermal (auto radiation) heat emitted by the earths surface and prevent it from leaving the lower parts of the earths atmosphere hence the trap of excess heat. They retain the heat in the lower parts of the atmosphere. Increased mans activities have raised the green house gases especially carbon dioxide and methane over years (Solar-centre, 2010). Solar variability and global warming: negligible increase in the solar irradiation has been observed. This results from the depletion of the zone layer. This contributes to minor increase in the global temperatures. The major contributor is the green house effect (Solar-centre, 2010). Impacts of Global Warming Global warming is depicted by changes in the weather patterns and precipitation throughout the world. Hurricanes and tropical storms may be experience often as a result of warmer oceanic waters. The high global temperatures results in melting of the ice in Polar Regions which end up raising the sea levels (Solar-centre, 2010). Global warming may also affect species of living organisms that cannot survive in warmer conditions. They will die and become extinct (Solar-centre, 2010). Due to global warming, there may be increased cases of diseases that may affect human health. Cases diseases like malaria and stroke may increase with the increase in flooding of cities and the poor quality of air. Another problem caused by global warming is desertification. Droughts will be more frequent causing a rise in famine cases (Solar-centre, 2010). Current Sustainability Strategies Many sustainability programs are ongoing throughout the world. Basing on the causes of global warming which include mainly green gas effects which originate from combustion of fossil fuels, there are numerous researches being conducted to find better alternatives to fossil fuels. The world is full of energy in form of heat. Researchers are working on ways of utilizing the increased heat. One of the ways that they have discovered is the use of solar energy as an alternative to fossil fuel. When well put to use, solar energy can steer tomorrows economic growth instead of fossil fuel (Solar-centre, 2010). Solar energy can be taped through the use of solar panels which use photovoltaic cells. These photovoltaic cells in solar panels are able to transform the energy from the sun directly into electricity. The taped electricity can then be stored into batteries. The stored energy can be used in various ways like powering a generator or running heavy machines. If the modern houses can be constructed using special solar panels to tap solar power, then people can light their houses without depending on electricity supplied from the grid. Instead, when they collect more power, they supply the excess to the grid (Solar-centre, 2010). Hydrogen: this is another alternative to fossil fuel. In the modern world, hydrogen is mainly used to manufacture ammonia, refine petroleum, and synthesize methanol. It is also used by NASAs pace shuttles, and in hydrogen fuel cells. Since research is underway, in future we could use hydrogen to fuel vehicles, fly planes as well as providing power for our homes and offices (California energy commission, 2006). According to California commission (2006), a machine that uses hydrogen as energy is eco-friendly since its pollution is negligible. And in fact some experts think that the future economies will be hydrogen driven unlike the current economies which are fossil fuel drive (California commission, 2006). One of the major challenges that come with the consumption of fossil fuels is the emissions of carbons which pollutes the atmosphere as well as increase the green house effect. Cars are a big contributor to environmental pollution due to their carbon emission that is in form of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons. All these add to atmospheric pollution. According to MacKenzie (1994), hydrogen is one of the most abundant elements (is found in water, fossil fuels, atmosphere plants and animals), and it is therefore the best alternative for the non-renewable sources of energy like gasoline. It is a safely combustible fuel though safety precautions that accompany any fuel should also be applied. It is not such a dangerous fuel since its leaks evaporates faster than gasoline thus minimizing the hazard of explosion. Many manufacturers are now realizing a breakthrough with manufacture of hydrogen vehicles (Nadis MacKenzie, 1986). Plan for Sustainability This has involved various meeting held by the world leaders concerning the increasing rate of global warming. These meeting have resulted in the various governments investing heavily on researches fro alternative sources of energy other than the fossil fuel. The out come is the innovation of a hydrogen car that uses hydrogen as fuel. Other researches are underway for solar powered vehicles and machines. Therefore, the break through of these researches could see the future economies driven by either hydrogen or solar energy (Unep, 2003). Benefits and Challenges of the Sustainability Plan The benefits of the sustainability plan are that the green house gases will dramatically reduce. The world will experience reduced temperatures with less global warming hence reduced melting of ice in Polar Regions. There will be no more rise in sea levels and unpredictable weather patterns translating into less drought cases (Solar-centre, 2010). However, the sustainability plan is experiencing various problems like reduced funding for researches. Also, hydrogen and solar appliances are still very expensive for an average man to purchase. This means that economies will still be powered by fossil fuel will until when everybody will be able to purchase the appliances that global warming effects will be done away with gradually (Solar-centre, 2010). Required Government, Societal and Global Support The responsibility of the government is to provide funds for research in the better sources of energy other than the fossil fuels. It is also to ensure that when the research is done and complete, the appliances are readily available to the market at a pocket friendly price to the average man. The government should also be engaged in passing restriction acts that prohibit the further environmental pollution. Most of these restrictions affect industrial companies and businesses. It should ensure that the acts are enacted and law breakers are dealt with accordingly (ILO, 2008). On the other hand, the average man is to ensure that he uses the most eco-friendly fuels and appliances available in the market. Skilled workers in the field of research should also avail themselves to assist the government in research rather than hiring foreign experts. Conclusion Despite the many efforts to reduce air pollution, air pollution and global warming are still a challenge. Green house gases like methane and carbon are still being emitted from the combustion of fossil fuels. The resultant global warming is causing increasing sea levels as the ice in Polar Regions is melting. The main cause of this is the use of non- renewable fossil fuel. However researches are underway on the use of renewable energy like the solar power and hydrogen. If successful, the research could make the future economies to be driven by renewable sources of energy like solar and hydrogen. Governments and the society have a responsibility. The government is to formulate environment conservation policies while the society at large is to conserve the environment by using eco-friendly renewable energy in their appliances. References California energy commission. (2006). â€Å"Hydrogen and future energy sources.† Retrieved on February 19, 2010 from: http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/story/chapter20.html EPA, (2008). â€Å"Air Pollution Basic Information.† Retrieved Feb 19, 2010, from: http://www.epa.gov/ebtpages/airairpollution.html ILO. (2008). â€Å"Global challenges for sustainable development: strategies for green jobs.† Retrieved on February 19, 2010 from: http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/dgo/speeches/somavia/2008/g8paper.pdf MacKenzie, James, J. (1994). â€Å"The Keys to the Car.† Baltimore, MD: World Resources, Kurylo, M. (2010). â€Å"Atmospheric Composition.† Retrieved on February 19, 2010 from: http://nasascience.nasa.gov/about-us/organization-and-leadership/atmospheric-composition-program-scientist/?searchterm=None Nadis, S. MacKenzie, J. (1993). â€Å"Car Trouble.† Boston, MA: Beacon. Retrieved on February 19, 2010 from: http://www.commutercars.com/h2/ Solar-centre. (2010). â€Å"Global warming.† Retrieved on February 19, 2010 from: http://solar-center.stanford.edu/sun-on-earth/glob-warm.html Unep, (2003). â€Å"How will global warming affect my world?† Retrieved on February 19, 2010 from: http://www.unep.org/dec/docs/ipcc_wgii_guide-E.pdf

What the Genome Revolution Could Mean for Me and the Rio Grande Valley :: Argumentative Persuasive Biology Essays

What the Genome Revolution Could Mean for Me and the Rio Grande Valley With technology advancing more quickly than even our own minds can comprehend, the effects of these advancements cannot be measured in our time, as they are just beginning to reveal themselves. Nowhere is this more evident than in the world of biotechnology, where researchers are changing the way people look at themselves as individuals with imperfections. The newly mapped human gene sequence provides scientists with the tools needed to manipulate, 'fix', or alter the human genetic code to create a person with any specifications desired in a human. Just the idea of a person engineered to specific criteria boggles the mind with questions about the implications on society, not to mention the unforeseen consequences that could lurk in the nearby future. In a world as populous as today's, the sense of self, rooted within each person, becomes more important than ever. As time passes with more hi-tech advancements, people will have to deal with the outcomes of the human genome project, some of which can be investigated before work begins on implementing research into everyday healthcare and others that still wait to be stumbled upon. The first problem includes the laws of all types, including those that have yet to be passed concerning the use of DNA in altering negative characteristics and adding favorable ones. First, developers must explore the ethical law that asks whether it is morally correct to change what it is that makes us people: the fact that we are all different and have flaws, and maybe these should be cherished rather than changed. If everyone was the same, we would become like ants, just one of a million, and lose the meaning of us being here: sharing different ideas and personas that enrich our lives and give us fulfilling relationships. Does making similar people interfere with the law of nature, which before now was the only factor in determining who we are? Then comes the legal matters that appear with the application of this knowledge. When people alter the natural cycle of life that has been in place for millions of years, there are going to have to be rules in place so that this sensitive data does not fall into the wrong hands, become misused, or have the huge negative impact on society that it has the possibility of having.

Social Policy And Society Education Essay

Whose Needs are being met by Scots schooling? Discuss the assorted stakeholders ( kids, parents, society, the province ) , there possible demands and measure how good they are met. The province recognises the demand for kids to be educated. It is recognised as a right, a duty and a necessity. Society no longer relies as to a great extent on the male staff of life victor theoretical account and as a effect parents in the bulk of instances no longer have the option of supplying kid attention and instruction to their kids themselves. As we are come ining an age of hi tech fabrication and developing a high skilled economic system the authorities is besides looking for an educated population and can no longer work with a society of nonreader or ill educated citizens. An uneducated population would besides be less antiphonal to authorities runs and information or counsel and may be unable to carry through their function in society and the democratic procedure. Children themselves, it has been acknowledged, have a right to be educated ; â€Å" No individual shall be denied the right to instruction † ( European Convention on Human Rights ; agenda 1, article 2 ) .That does non nevertheless intend that the instruction provided is what kids want or what they need. Neither does it intend that chief watercourse instruction in Scotland is provided with everyone ‘s best involvements in head. All of the parties mentioned supra will hold unfavorable judgments or be disappointed by what province instruction in Scotland provides to some extent ; nevertheless I wish to do it clear that for the bulk of stakeholders the Scots instruction system provides acceptable results. Besides, in recent old ages important stairss have been taken in Scotland to better the instruction system for those interest holders presently losing out, chiefly kids themselves, and I wish to analyze this in more item. In 2009 there were 676,740 students in publically funded schools in Scotland ( Scots authorities ; pupil Numberss ) and educational outgo was ?4.87 billion in 2007-08 ( Scots authorities ; Expenditure on school instruction in Scotland ) . This amounts to a important proportion of Scotland ‘s population presently in the Scots public instruction system and a important proportion of national disbursement. Spending on instruction sums to a big proportion of public disbursement and must hence be a high precedence for the authorities, denoting that it is a high precedence for society as a whole. Equally good as being a right under the ECHR ( European Convention on Human Rights ) instruction is besides a right under the Universal declaration of human rights enshrined in UK jurisprudence in the Human rights act 1998 ; â€Å" Everyone has the right to instruction. Education shall be free, at least in the simple and cardinal phases. Elementary instruction shall be compulsory†¦ .. † ( Universal declaration of human rights ; article 26 ( 1 ) ) and in the UNCRC ( United nations Convention on the right of the kid ) , â€Å" To guarantee that all sections of society, in peculiar parents and kids, are informed, have entree to instruction and are supported in the usage of basic cognition†¦ † ( UNCRC ; article 24, 2 ( vitamin E ) ) . Few public services are as strongly protected by rights and Acts of the Apostless as those sing entree to instruction. Yet to what extent instruction should be provided and who its chief focal point should be on remains ill-defined. For many old ages statements raged about Scots instruction merely being good to the ‘average ‘ kid and that those who needed extra support demands or who did non work good within formal educational scenes were being left behind or ignored for the greater good. The Scots authorities has hence gone a long manner in recent old ages to try to turn to this. The school course of study in Scotland is non statutory but alternatively the authorities sets out a model which it so expects instructors to work within. The newest model published is the ‘Curriculum for excellence ‘ . This model is built around four Nestor notabilis capacities that the Scots authorities want to instil in every Scots immature individual by the terminal of their clip in instruction. It is besides really to a great extent based on current research that suggests the best manner to prosecute all students in the schoolroom is by utilizing inter disciplinary accomplishments and different acquisition and learning methods such as undertakings, e-learning, talks and peer on equal rating. The Scots authorities claim ; â€Å" The course of study aims to guarantee that all kids and immature people in Scotland develop the properties, cognition and accomplishments they will necessitate to boom in life, larning and work. This is encapsulated in the four capacities – to enable each kid or immature individual to be a successful scholar, a confident person, a responsible citizen and an effectual subscriber † . ( Learning and Teaching Scotland ; Curriculum 3-18 ) However what good are these results if so many immature people find themselves go forthing instruction with no or really few significance makings and no utile trade or work related accomplishments? The benchmark for mensurating pupil attainment in Scotland is the SCQF ( Scots recognition and making model ) mark. At the age of 14 to 15 about every kid in Scotland will sit a set of standard class tests. 5 plus base on ballss at SCQF degree 4 ( standard class general ) is considered the minimal criterion of attainment that could be merited with success and which could take to patterned advance through those makings. School conference tabular arraies are drawn up based on how good pupils did in this quartile and yet 24.4 % of Scots pupils fail to accomplish this benchmark about a one-fourth of all Scots immature people ( Scots authorities ; SQA attainment and school departer makings in Scotland: 2008/09 ) . On top of this 14.53 % of immature people go forthing Scots schools in 2009 were non in instruction employment or preparation and therefore had no positive finish ( Scots authorities ; Destinations of Leavers from Scots Schools: 2008/09 ) . This barely seems like a system which empowers every immature individual to develop accomplishments that will do it possible for them to ever happen a positive finish in society. It may besides demonstrates that there attack has so far failed to convey about touchable consequences which will profit all the stakeholders in the Scots instruction system. The authorities nevertheless may good indicate out that a major component of their reforms of Scots instruction will come in the signifier of alterations to the makings system. These alterations will non be implemented nevertheless until 2016 when the SQA ( Scots Qualifications Authority has drafted, approved and tested the new scrutinies, designed to concentrate on Nestor notabilis accomplishments and development of literacy and numeracy throughout all school topics. There has besides been a important displacement in the attitudes held towards helping kids with acquisition and Behavioural issues or disablements in Scots instruction and in bridging the spread between young person work, schools and less formal educational attacks. The Education ( Additional Support for Learning ) ( Scotland ) Act 2004 was introduced to supply statutory protection to all immature people in Scots instruction who feel they may necessitate more support. Article 1 ( specifying extra support demands ) provinces ; â€Å" A kid or immature individual has extra support demands for the intents of this Act where, for whatever ground, the kid or immature individual is, or is likely to be, unable without the proviso of extra support to profit from school instruction provided or to be provided for the kid or immature individual † This means that any kid in Scotland for whatever ground who feels like they may necessitate extra support are lawfully entitled to it. This jurisprudence has been to a great extent advertised and publicised nevertheless the resources to endorse up this statute law and supply the support are frequently highly over stretched and exhausted. The Bridging the Gap study between young person work and schools was another advanced thought that the Scots authorities hoped would better the instruction system for all interest holders but peculiarly those for whom chief watercourse instruction was non appropriate the study aimed to ; â€Å" Put the policy context and offer illustrations of pattern to promote youth work and school partnerships across Scotland to present more chances to prosecute and animate immature people. â€Å" ( Learning learning Scotland ; bridging the spread study, page5 ) This attack to instruction and presenting young person work and community acquisition in to the school scene shows a willingness to do instruction more accessible and relevant to all pupils and to prosecute everyone in the acquisition procedure. Whether or non this plan will hold any success remains to be seen. Scots instruction hence does present for the bulk of stakeholders most of the clip. It provides a child care option for parents between the kid ‘s age of 5 and 16. It keeps the bulk of the population literate and able to hold on basic numeracy and it gives a high figure of school kids a opportunity to derive accomplishments and addition cognition which will assist them travel in to farther instruction, employment or preparation. It is clear that there is still a proportion of society which the current Scots instruction system is non supplying for nevertheless the Scots authorities has gone a long manner in its efforts to undertake issues with the system and has succeeded in supplying a system which meets most of the demands of most of its stakeholders.

Marrige vs Cohabitation

Marriage vs. Cohabitation There are many people that say that getting married before living together is the best way to go. They have many negative things to say about living together also called cohabitation. Linda J Waite is one of this people, she has many negative things to say about cohabitation. She wrote an article called â€Å"The Negative effects of Cohabitation† where she states many down sides of cohabitation which I disagree upon. The three main things that I disagree upon are domestic violence, emotional wellbeing, and wealth.When it comes to hitting, shoving and throwing things, â€Å"cohabiting couples are more than three times more likely than the married to say things get that far out of hand she says in her article. Which I disagree it doesn’t matter if your married or not your partner will still hit you. ‘According to the American association for marriage and family therapy (AAMFT)† in almost 20% of all marriage, couples slap, shove, hit, or otherwise assault each other. Emotional abuse verbal threats, humiliation, or degrading remarks, and controlling behavior are more common.Once you’re married you have to obey your husband’s rules and if we don’t there will be consequences. Married couples are more likely to be in domestic violence in my opinion because they expect more from there couples. Since there married they have to listen and do more to keep the husband happy. â€Å"Marriage is, by design and agreement for the long run. Married people, thus see their relationships as much more stable as cohabiting couples do. † I also disagree with this saying that Linda j. Waite states in her article. The reason why I disagree is because there are many divorce rates now and days.If it was true what she says then there won’t be so many divorce rates. She says states that married couples are happier than cohabitating couples. She also states that children who are in cohabitating couples ar e less likely to succeed and this is a big lie in my opinion. For example, what about if we get married and then we live together, then we realize that the person who we once dated isn’t the person we actually married. Then we realize that we don’t want to be with leading to divorce. In the other hand cohabitation helps you learn the good and bad things about your partner before we ask the question.This can lead to a healthier lovable relationship prior to the one where we get married first then get to learn the good and bad things about our partner. As prior to her statement about the children, I disagree because I have many friends that live with cohabitating families their parents are married. They still go to school and they are being successful. We can’t blame cohabitation to someone being unsuccessful. In fact many children with married families become unsuccessful do to their parent’s divorce. Married couples link their fates-including their financ es. Linda j .Waite states that married couples benefit more in income if there married which I disagree. In fact, cohabitation offers similar benefits to marriage without the potential pain of divorce. â€Å"If you're just living together and if one of you decides they want to leave†¦ † said one participant, â€Å"you can leave and it will just be OK †¦ whereas if you're married you've got to go through lawyers and attorneys, and depending on the type of situation it is it can be an ugly divorce. † So no if were married we do benefit more in wealth it will be the same benefit because couples actually decide to do cohabitation to share expenses . ttp://www. theatlantic. com/health/archive/2012/02/the-marriage-problem-why-many-are-choosing-cohabitation-instead/252505/ People get married because they’re afraid of being lonely for the rest of their lives. There not realizing that by rushing into marriage that they can end up having a divorced life. When yo u live in cohabitation you have the liberty to leave when you want no broken vows. So do we rather want to have a divorced life or be happy that’s the question to ask ourselves before getting married? http://www. gwu. edu/~ccps/rcq/rcq_negativeeffects_waite. html

buy custom Modified Lesson Plan essay

buy custom Modified Lesson Plan essay Having the opportunity to work in the education system I have had to encounter various challenges among them, the constant need to change my lesson plans to accommodate students with special disabilities. A practical case would be dealing with a student who possesses emotional disability and in particular attention deficiency. The student is has difficulty in establishing lasting relations with the colleagues as he has the inability to control his emotional feelings the student is also seen to be hyperactive. As a result the student has difficulty following simple instructions, cannot associate with the other students as he cannot even play well. The student has emotional setbacks at times seen to be quiet while at other times he is excessively active and talks relatively too much. Other observable features include, being easily distracted, cannot wait for his turn to play or talk and as a result interrupts the lesson and meetings. The students inability to remain attentive for long periods and the low concentration level can be associated to his hearing disability a condition that adds up to the already hyperactive student. Changes in the lesson plan that would be incorporated in an art class would include instructional chages as well as the acquisition and use of an assistive technology device. The instructional changes would be to have the instructions given to the students short and concise. The instructions would incorporate behavioral requirements to the student requiring a certain standard of conduct that would be awarded if achieved. The change in the lesson plan would also incorporate assigning the class session a period when the students concentration span is at the highest while at the same time limiting the amount of workload during this time achievable if the class sessions are segmented into periods that are manageable to the student. The instructional and teaching mode will enable the student concentrate more and as a result avoid the hyperactivity and the intrusions of the lesson by the student. To deal with the mild hearing impairment, having pictorial representations of the instructions required of the student. The pictorial representations would include materials such as diagrams, flowcharts and models. The assistive technology is an assistive technology that involves the use of objects that can be easily recognized by the student especially those easily available to the student in the home set up. The lesson plan would include hhaving tape recorders in certain sections of the lesson. The purpose of having the tape recorders would be to record the instructions I would be giving to the students and have the recorder played by the students at intervals selected as the lesson progresses. This would allow the students to recall the instructions and also act as a constant reminder to the student to give chances to the other students in playing the recorder an aspect that would hopefully be carried on to the playground. The uses of flowcharts as an assistive technology in delivering the lesson would assist the student organize their thinking and actions in addition to tackling the hearing impairment. This would mean that certain lesson is delivered with the aid or the sole use of flowcharts. An additional assistive device that would be incorporated in the lesson would be to have students have note taking devices such as books and laptops. The gargets would require the student to make effort in putting down what is taught and what he understands from the lesson. As a teacher the delivery of the lesson need be slower to give time for note taking. This aids in concentration and allows for easy evaluation of the areas the student learnt and areas where little was learnt. Buy custom Modified Lesson Plan essay

buy custom Modern Technological Inventions essay

buy custom Modern Technological Inventions essay The past few decades has seen great advancement in technology. New technology has totally changed the way people interact with each other. Modern technological inventions have allowed people to communicate with each other more efficiently and access information at almost real time. Earlier communication technologies such as the use of telegraph and posting letters among others have been slowly faced out by other emergent and innovative technologies (Coope, Mather and Bannister, 2004, p 11). New technology is now based on the concept of convergence. This refers to the interconnection of computing devices and networks as well as ability to carry different communication technologies on a single platform called internet protocol (IP) (Coope, Mather and Bannister, 2004, p 11). It has affected the world of computing, mobile communication and the internet services thereby creating high impact on the peoples social and economic lives. Before convergence came into being, all these communicati on technologies were carried out separately (Coope, Mather and Bannister, 2004, p 11). However, their integration on an IP platform has provided a synergized effort towards realizing the impact of telecommunication technologies. This paper will center on how the new technology has helped to shape peoples lifestyles in the way they communicate and access information. Internet evolution has become an inseparable assistant to people in their day to day activities. Currently, internet is a trusted source of information to people no matter their location in the world provided they have access to it. With the help of the internet, news papers, periodicals, television and radio among other methods of communication can be accessed online (Noll, 2001, p 135). This implies that a person can read an article from a newspaper at any time, as well as listen to his favorite radio program at their convenience provided they have access to internet (Billings, 2008, para. 31). Furthermore, new and converged technology has allowed people to watch their favorite television programs online even when travelling and not necessarily while at home alone. Traditional communication technologies were designed for circuit switched services where the electromagnetic spectrum was inefficiently used. Furthermore, their use involved rates that were founded on per minute billing systems. Nevertheless, the new and innovative converged technologies are founded on the IP protocol and therefore, they require new interconnection formats so that anyone who wants to use the service can interconnect irrespective of the type of network they are using (Coope, Mather and Bannister, 2004, p 171). Most of the time, pricing in this new format, is pegged on the capacity of the infrastructure that a person uses rather than the time he uses the service. Great trends have been made to integrate all communication devices ranging from hand held gadgets to computers and the internet, thereby making the world a global village. Use of electronic mail and instant messaging service has facilitated communication at almost real time by people from any part of the world. Other different types of messages are used such as short messaging service, voice mail, and multimedia message service (Noll, 2001, p 135). Use of short messagig service (SMS) has mainly helped businesses in the way they communicate to their customers and employees (Taylor, Palen and Harper, 2005, p 77). Infinite amount of information is sent across the world at any given time. Such high volumes of information require a large infrustructural capacity to carry it from the sender to the recipient. Consequently, this is facilitated by the use of fiber optic technology which has a very high bandwidth to accommodate all the information being exchanged. The importance of new and innovative techonlogies cannot be over emphasized. It has transformed the way people interact with each other and carry on their day to day activities. For instance, within the education arena, new technology has allowed students to access their learning materials online. There are thousands of libraries in the internet that are helpful to students who want to pursue their careers. In the past, a student had to be sitted in a library so as to access books, journals and other learning materials. However, with the advent of internet, books, journals and other helpful learning resources are accessed from the internet thereby simplifying the hussles experienced in the learning process (Casati and Shneyderman, 2008, p 176). Someone does not have to be in the physical location of the library but he can access the same services from any part of the world provided he has the required resources such as a computer and internet connection. Additionally, registration of students, accessing and submission of exams is done online. This helps to improve on efficiency by minimizing the time wasted while carrying out these processes manually. While focussing on the business environment, new technology has helped to cut costs tremendously. For instance, use of videoconferencing has greatly reduced the expenses incurred by organizations in facilitating travelling of managers and other mojor stakeholders from one place to another to conduct and attend business meetings (Coope, Mather and Bannister, 2004, p 169). This is a common practice among governement authorities and running of multinationals that have branches in different countries. It is also worth mentioning that currently, people have turned to online purchasing as they find it more convenient than conventional modes. It saves time since even shipment services come along the purchase. Additionally, another benefit experienced as a result of new and innovative technologies is the use of telemedicine. Health professionals can diagnose a certain disease and prescribe medicine for patients who are many miles away through telemedicine. This is facilitated by use of internet and other innovative modrn technologies. Therefore, this helps to remove physical barriers as far as provision of health services is concerned. As a matter of fact, most of the government oprations are run throughthe facilitation of technological innovations. In most countries, access to basic services from the government and other government agencies is done online. For instance, accessing police abstracts, and summons to the court in some countries is done through the internet. Students who want to access student loan services for their education get it online. This helps to reduce long queues in the government offices and long waitting hours before processing of the services is done (Casati and Shneyderman, 2008, p 176). Before the invention of wireless networks technologies, people were limited to cabled networking methods which reduced their mobility. However, development of gadgets that support wireless communication protocols as well as presence of the wireless infrastructure has been very beneficial. Most of the major towns have hot spots which serve as access points to the internet for computing devices that support wireless network services. Greater emphasis is now given to mobility in the interconnectivity of computing devices. Therefore, the improvements in mobile communications focus on provision of flawless services for all types of communication technologies irrespective of the type of device. For instance, the use of Wireless local area network (WLAN) facilitates interconnectivity among computing devices such laptops, routers and smart phones among others. Furthermore, third and fourth generation mobile technologies have allowed people to access mobile broadband for data services. Third and fourth generation mobile technologies allow global roaming services for voice and data (Coope, Mather and Bannister, 2004, p 268). These concepts are among other emergent mobile technologies that will be accomplished through employment of IP-based networks that support portability and interoperability between different networks (Casati and Shneyderman, 2008, p 2). One of these innovations includes the use of WIMAX which stands f or, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access. WIMAX is viewed as the last solution to mobile broadband service. It has the potential to provide internet access to a relatively longer distance of about 30 mile radius. Most of the major cities in the world have WIMAX services and the therefore, this means that most of the people can enjoy the benefits of the technological innovation. Third and fourth generation mobile technologies incorporates wireless internet access through mobile third generation networks, satellite and global roaming services (Coope, Mather and Bannister, 2004, p 268). However, they do not offer better roaming services like its predecessor WIMAX. Conclusion Drastic advances made in mobile technology have made the demand for data services through hand-held gadgets to increase tremendously. This implies that services that could only be accessed through a workstation computer can now be accessed through mobile devices. In addition, this has been facilitated by expansion of broadband services which has increased the interconnectivity to wireless internet access. People can now upload and download large volumes of data inform of video and other formats more easily. Standardization of these technologies by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), allows people to easily access the internet through their wireless enabled computing devices (Coope, Mather and Bannister, 2004, p 180). Currently, most of the major social venues such hotels, booking offices for buses and trains, waiting bays in airports, hotels among others, are hot spots for internet access. Therefore, introduction of better technologies will continue to shape the way peop le interact, and result to efficiency in the entire communication process. Buy custom Modern Technological Inventions essay

An introduction to child protection legislation in the UK

There are different laws and guidelines that exist in different parts of the UK there is not one single piece of child protection legislation for the UK. Current legislation is brought about because of The Children Act 1989 This was put into place to safeguard that everyone that work with children were sure and clear about their responsibilities and worked together. Also to ensure that if an allegation of child abuse were made all people working with children would be knowledgeable about what to do and how to act.Many problems were found in the way that reports of child abuse and neglect were dealt when an independent inquiry was done following the death of Victoria Climbie in the year 2000. Also, the independent inquiry leads to the finding that vulnerable people in society were being neglected in the part of safeguarding.Lord Laming’s report aka, The Laming Report consisting of 58 recommendations particularly aimed at the safeguarding of children led to the government putti ng forward Every Child Matters paper and setting The Children Act 2004 into place. Every child should receive help and guidance to achieve or receive positive outcomes in life. And this is what the Every Child Matters paper is in place to ensure. All children should have economic well-being, enjoy, make a positive contribution, stay safe and achieve. The Children Act 2004 is in place to improve and ensure children’s safeguarding. This director of children’s services is ultimately the person responsible for ensuring that all children are safeguarded, every local authority should have their allocated director. Because of this act changes were made and additional things such as local safeguarding boards were set up, and services became more mindful of what the children’s wishes are and put into more consideration. It has since become a duty of children’s services to work efficiently with a multi-agency approach to safeguard children and support the children under their cares welfare. The common assessment framework was introduced as part of this act to help it is a tool used to help identify childrens needs and assist in how to help meet them.In 2009 a scheme was introduced and the personal information of all adults who work with children must be checked so that individuals who prove unsuitable to be around and working with children are prevented from doing so. This scheme is the disclosure and barring service. Adults working with children will undergo a DBS check and be awarded a certificate as proof of this. All work settings involving children will require staff to have these certificates.

DB #3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

DB #3 - Essay Example My vision of higher education is to have a form of education that will be relevant to accomplishment of acts that will not only affect humanity positively but will also create environmental sustainability. In addition, these acts should be morally acceptable and having positive effects on the universe. I do agree with David Orr’s proposition, education is supposed to help us take care of our environment, and understand the importance of knowledge and how to acquire it. In addition, he mentions that knowledge comes with a responsibility of ensuring that it is used constructively and morally. Higher education is a very important component to the learner for several reasons. Firstly, it raises self-awareness by individuals. One is able to identify what they want to achieve and ultimately the type of work they would like to engage with. A number of options are available for an individual intending to engage in higher learning, their choices will definitely reflect on the type of work environment that they will get to. Secondly, higher education provides the learner with a lot of exposure. The learner is able to meet other learners from different backgrounds as well as experienced and witty researchers and lecturers who will challenge them as well as exposing them to additional knowledge. Exposure to specific scholarly works in a particular area of study is also very

A Critique of Religious Exclusivism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

A Critique of Religious Exclusivism - Essay Example For that matter, the other groups are insignificant and wrong due to the fact that they are outside the belief that the group has (Robinson). The main view of the group can be considered as one of the main reasons for the criticisms targeted to the group and the beliefs that it has. This can be attributed to the fact that application of such strict beliefs can be considered as a failure to have an open understanding of the group on other religious groups. The influence and input of other groups, components of the surroundings and ideas can be considered essential in the development of a concept, belief and principle. Thus, included in the reasons for criticisms toward exclusivism is the disregard to the benefits and advantages that are contributed by other groups with different beliefs. The main essence of believing in religion is the concept of salvation. Exclusivism is the belief that the particular group, are the people who can achieve the salvation on the basis of the religion that they are practicing. One of the common examples of exlusivism, or particularism as preferred by others to be called, is the Christian exclusivism wherein people that do not know Christ will not have salvation (Robinson). Such view can be noted that exclusivism can be considered as an ignorant point of view since it only presents the opinion of a particular group. In addition, it fails to consider the different aspects that related to the answering of the spiritual needs of the people. Exlusivism then can be translated at some point of oppression because the people that are part of such religious groups have real life friends and families that they interact with. Exclusivism can be a hindrance specifically in a rapidly changing world wherein adaptation and not exclusion is the answer. May it be religion, or any concept for that matter, openness is important to be able to grow, develop and be effective. Thus,

Rehabilitation of the Injured Athlete Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Rehabilitation of the Injured Athlete - Essay Example The program will encompass total recovery, involving pre-habilitation and the actual rehabilitation process – including targeted treatment and exercises, aimed at returning Simon to his rugby team and game as soon as possible. The shoulder consists of three bones the clavicle, scapula, and humerus, and two joints, the acromioclavicular and glenohumeral joints (Quinn, 2006). The bones are connected to each other by ligaments, while they are connected to muscles by tendons (Quinn, 2006). These structures, along with the rotator cuff muscles, cooperate to provide motion, mobility, and strength to the very movable shoulder joint which is quite unstable and prone to injury from impact (Quinn, 2006). Nevertheless, the 13 muscles in the shoulder joint, offer biomechanical protection which provides a measure of stability to this vulnerable and unstable joint (Funk, 2011). Simon’s collision caused his dislocated shoulder joint, where an extreme rotation occurred violently twisti ng his shoulder upward and backward, causing the humerus to jump out of the glenoid, and delivering intense pain and weakness in the arm, presumably because the rotator cuff was damaged during the impact (Cunha, 2011). The four tendons in the rotator cuff are connected to four muscles which turn the arm inward, upward, and outward (Cunha, 2011), and are responsible for stabilizing the humerus in the socket (Erstad, 2010). Simon’s collision caused the joint capsule, cartilage, and rotator cuff ligaments, which keep the shoulder intact, to tear (Wedro, 2011). The resultant pain signalled the need for medical attention. The injured shoulder would first have been tied in a makeshift sling, before Simon was rushed to a doctor (Cunha, 2011) (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2009). Most likely he was given pain killers and then quickly examined by the doctor, who probably touched the shoulder from the side to see whether the humeral head was in position (Cunha, 2011). Simon probably grimaced at t he pain in the front of the shoulder, caused when the doctor bent his elbow or turned his wrist, indicating a SLAP lesion (Pesic, 2011). The doctor would then x-ray the injury to confirm the diagnosis and ascertain whether there were broken bones (Cunha, 2011). Having found no broken bones, the doctor would first determine whether the SLAP lesion could be treated non-surgically through shoulder rest and medication to lessen inflammation (Pesic, 2011). Simon would naturally be removed from active play (Pesic, 2011). SLAP lesion physical therapy would be done by stretching and strengthening the muscles surrounding the rotator cuff and scapula, through special exercises (Pesic, 2011). Cold therapy, which can be a three-hour application of ice packs or a massage, could also be done to reduce swelling and pain (Pesic, 2011). The RICE technique of rest, ice, compression, and elevation of the shoulder would also be applied (â€Å"Cold Therapy,† 2011). If those measures are not succe ssful, surgery would be scheduled. Maunder (2011) feels that Simon should be prepared mentally and physically for surgery to increase his chances of success. Prehabilitation would give him an opportunity to ask questions and learn

Auschwitz Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Auschwitz - Research Paper Example Auschwitz is enough reputable for its concentration camps and gas chambers used to kill people, however, the number of people murdered at this location is still unknown. Auschwitz contained gas chambers and prison cells that were used for discharging gas and confining prisoners and were made the prison house of Jews as well as non-Jews (Gutman and Berenbaum 119). This paper analyzes the place as an extermination place and evaluates the information given for Auschwitz. Auschwitz as an extermination place was constructed especially for prisoners and gas chambers were there for exterminating the prisoners. The gas discharged inside the gas chambers due to which, the people held as prisoners inside the gas chambers got suffocated and poisoned because of the discharged gas (Cesarani and Kavanaugh 67). As discussed in the introduction that Auschwitz was divided into three sections, out of which, Auschwitz I was the main camp and the remaining two were its extensions. Auschwitz I was used a s administration camp and all the actions related to prisoners were controlled from this place. The prisoners were made to work without giving any heed to their physical condition. Not only Jews but also non-Jews were exterminated in these camps (Cole and Smith 1992). In my opinion, the camps that were constructed were made for punishing prisoners and this punishment was very severe as prisoners were not only enforced to do hard jobs but also murdered during their confinement. There were no rules or regulations regarding the prisoners and they were deprived of their due rights. The people who say that all these extermination stories are wrong are not right as there were many proofs for massive extermination of people. The main camp, Auschwitz I was already present in the area before World War II and was used as barracks for Polish army (Gutman and Berenbaum 136). The people who were kept in prison were required to do rigid jobs with no hygienic care due to which, death rate of priso ners started to augment. According to Wittmann (2003), the most awful attitude was kept with prisoners who were Jews or Soviets and special marks were also printed on their clothes to categorize them separate from others (82). Some special blocks were assigned for prisoners with more severe crimes and the prisoners were not allowed to sit, as they were to stand all nights and work all days. Prisoners were also deprived of any food or water until they got dead because of unavailability of food and water. Along with these kinds of ill-treatment with the prisoners, the prisoners were also gathered and gassed by discharging Zyklon B from the ceiling (Cesarani and Kavanaugh 141). Therefore, not only gas chambers but also other ways of killing people were utilized. Like the first main camp, the extended camp, Auschwitz II or Auschwitz-Birkenau was also used for holding prisoners captive and for murdering them. Auschwitz-Birkenau was constructed larger than the main camp and was mainly use d for gassings as gas chambers were created there for prisoners and the gas that was used was Zyklon B (Rees 49). According to Rees (2005), the gas chambers were constructed with bricks and were named on the basis of the color of bricks used for constructing the chambers such as there were ‘Little Red House’ containing red bricks and ‘Little White House’ containing white bricks (54). The chambers were locked with air tight doors and any opening was ensured to

Importance of islam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Importance of islam - Essay Example By gaining an understanding of the history, the students will know how Allah’s almighty law works in the lives of people. Islam is derived from an Arabic word meaning peace and teaches that in total submission to Allah, the creator, one finds peace. Muslims believe Allah is the only God and He is the only one who deserves worship hence any praise of saints or human beings is perceived as idolatry. The five pillars of Islam are prayer, fasting, testimony of faith, alms giving and pilgrimage and help to strengthen the obedience and faith of Muslims. Islam religion is a daily way of life which organizes the social, political and economic aspects of life including relations with God, families and other brethren. Islam maintains that Archangel Gabriel relayed messages to Prophet Muhammad from the year 610AD to 632AD. Muhammad is the final messenger of God and the revelation he received was called Quran. In 633AD, the first Islamic ruler, Abu Bakr commissioned the production of Quran since there was no Quran that was completely written and approved. The sacred task that Mohammad was entrusted was important a nd the Quran has glorified and exalting Allah. Therefore, it is crucial for students to a have knowledge of the Quran and the origin of Islam (Sonn, 2004). The legitimate basis for a person to adopt a religion should be that the claims of the religion are true. The Quran and Hadith are important because they are the legal sources of Islam. The Quran is also a book of guidance therefore it is important for the religious studies students to know and be able to prove who composed it. The Quran explains the challenges accusations and attacks of different prophets who were sent to nations. In writing the brief history of the Quran, the students will also have to explain how the seven versions of Quran came about since God expressed it in Arabic only. Another

Rehabilitation of the Injured Athlete Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Rehabilitation of the Injured Athlete - Essay Example The program will encompass total recovery, involving pre-habilitation and the actual rehabilitation process – including targeted treatment and exercises, aimed at returning Simon to his rugby team and game as soon as possible. The shoulder consists of three bones the clavicle, scapula, and humerus, and two joints, the acromioclavicular and glenohumeral joints (Quinn, 2006). The bones are connected to each other by ligaments, while they are connected to muscles by tendons (Quinn, 2006). These structures, along with the rotator cuff muscles, cooperate to provide motion, mobility, and strength to the very movable shoulder joint which is quite unstable and prone to injury from impact (Quinn, 2006). Nevertheless, the 13 muscles in the shoulder joint, offer biomechanical protection which provides a measure of stability to this vulnerable and unstable joint (Funk, 2011). Simon’s collision caused his dislocated shoulder joint, where an extreme rotation occurred violently twisti ng his shoulder upward and backward, causing the humerus to jump out of the glenoid, and delivering intense pain and weakness in the arm, presumably because the rotator cuff was damaged during the impact (Cunha, 2011). The four tendons in the rotator cuff are connected to four muscles which turn the arm inward, upward, and outward (Cunha, 2011), and are responsible for stabilizing the humerus in the socket (Erstad, 2010). Simon’s collision caused the joint capsule, cartilage, and rotator cuff ligaments, which keep the shoulder intact, to tear (Wedro, 2011). The resultant pain signalled the need for medical attention. The injured shoulder would first have been tied in a makeshift sling, before Simon was rushed to a doctor (Cunha, 2011) (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2009). Most likely he was given pain killers and then quickly examined by the doctor, who probably touched the shoulder from the side to see whether the humeral head was in position (Cunha, 2011). Simon probably grimaced at t he pain in the front of the shoulder, caused when the doctor bent his elbow or turned his wrist, indicating a SLAP lesion (Pesic, 2011). The doctor would then x-ray the injury to confirm the diagnosis and ascertain whether there were broken bones (Cunha, 2011). Having found no broken bones, the doctor would first determine whether the SLAP lesion could be treated non-surgically through shoulder rest and medication to lessen inflammation (Pesic, 2011). Simon would naturally be removed from active play (Pesic, 2011). SLAP lesion physical therapy would be done by stretching and strengthening the muscles surrounding the rotator cuff and scapula, through special exercises (Pesic, 2011). Cold therapy, which can be a three-hour application of ice packs or a massage, could also be done to reduce swelling and pain (Pesic, 2011). The RICE technique of rest, ice, compression, and elevation of the shoulder would also be applied (â€Å"Cold Therapy,† 2011). If those measures are not succe ssful, surgery would be scheduled. Maunder (2011) feels that Simon should be prepared mentally and physically for surgery to increase his chances of success. Prehabilitation would give him an opportunity to ask questions and learn

Importance of islam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Importance of islam - Essay Example By gaining an understanding of the history, the students will know how Allah’s almighty law works in the lives of people. Islam is derived from an Arabic word meaning peace and teaches that in total submission to Allah, the creator, one finds peace. Muslims believe Allah is the only God and He is the only one who deserves worship hence any praise of saints or human beings is perceived as idolatry. The five pillars of Islam are prayer, fasting, testimony of faith, alms giving and pilgrimage and help to strengthen the obedience and faith of Muslims. Islam religion is a daily way of life which organizes the social, political and economic aspects of life including relations with God, families and other brethren. Islam maintains that Archangel Gabriel relayed messages to Prophet Muhammad from the year 610AD to 632AD. Muhammad is the final messenger of God and the revelation he received was called Quran. In 633AD, the first Islamic ruler, Abu Bakr commissioned the production of Quran since there was no Quran that was completely written and approved. The sacred task that Mohammad was entrusted was important a nd the Quran has glorified and exalting Allah. Therefore, it is crucial for students to a have knowledge of the Quran and the origin of Islam (Sonn, 2004). The legitimate basis for a person to adopt a religion should be that the claims of the religion are true. The Quran and Hadith are important because they are the legal sources of Islam. The Quran is also a book of guidance therefore it is important for the religious studies students to know and be able to prove who composed it. The Quran explains the challenges accusations and attacks of different prophets who were sent to nations. In writing the brief history of the Quran, the students will also have to explain how the seven versions of Quran came about since God expressed it in Arabic only. Another

Reform Movements in the United States Sought Essay Example for Free

Reform Movements in the United States Sought Essay As Americans entered an era of transition and instability, they sought to expand democratic ideals in the society. In response to sudden changes occurring and traditional values being challenged, various reform movements during 1825-1850 began to focus on democratic ideals. The rise of religious revivals, movements for equal rights and protecting liberties of different social groups, want to advance society technologically, and desire to bring order and control helped reform the society to live up to the nation’s founding ideals. Teaching them (I don’t get who â€Å"them† is) the habits of thrift, orderliness, temperance and industry was a way to not only better their lives but a way to instill certain democratic values and advance the perfection of society as a whole. The rise of popular religion and a series of religious revivals reinforced American democracy and liberty. The Second Great Awakening was a huge religious reform movement that sought to re-captivate religious interest in America. One of its new breakthroughs is its representation of democratic ideas, or: â€Å"a reworking of traditional religious institutions to better match the average American’s sensibilities and frontier lifestyles (Second Great Awakening). † In this attempt to capture interest, this new theology differed from the previous Calvinist viewpoint that people’s predestined path to heaven or hell could only be altered by God’s choosing, in that the new theology emphasized individual free will, and equality in God’s eyes- a characteristic of democracy. These new theologies emphasized: â€Å"human choice. Reform of the individual human heart and also broader social institutions was indeed possible (Second Great Awakening). † Church ministers were elected and churches believed in a â€Å"priesthood of all believers. † Such religious reforms sought to expand democratic ideals into the churches. The theology of the Second Great Awakening can be divided into many different subdivisions which all spread out and became part of many reform movements to come. Before examining such future movements, it must be noted that The Progress of the Age was also a reform movement that spread democratic ideals of around the same time frame as the Second Great Awakening. The Progress of the Age empowers all the new American technologies and social reforms in its time (around 1825-1846). New technological reforms included adapting the time conserving sewing machine, and harnessing the potential of the locomotive. Religion, politics, the economy, and virtually everything else in America was being influenced by echnological reforms, turning life in American as something Senator Webster describes: â€Å"The world has seen nothing like [it] before (A Discourse, Delivered at Plymouth 61). † The significance of all these technological advances lies in the inevitable social advances they initiated. The Progress of the Age focused on improving everyday life with the adaption of machine labor, allowing for: a large range of agricultural goods for the co mmon man, increasingly cheaper goods, less expensive books/newspapers, and faster travel. As these technological revolutions led to revolutions in habits, opinions, and moral values, people began to realize: â€Å"If machinery could be brought to such a state of perfection, why not society (Maier 369)? † With all the social ideas related to technological progress, none were associated with the Progression of the Age, as the expansions of democratic ideals were. With the new leaps in technological advances, people built the impression that: â€Å"No reform is now deemed impossible, no enterprise for human betterment impracticable (Maier 369). Of all the social ideas, the democratic ideas of striving for social equality, and benefitting the common good fit the technological age of progress best. Along with technological advancements, American literature was advancing too. New values such as favoring nature over â€Å"America’s turn towards industrial capitalism and worst of all, the crass, money-grubbing materialism that seemed to grip more and more of their countrymen (Maier 371),† as described in novels of James Fenimore Cooper, and Washington Irving were exposed to their readers. The Transcendentalist movement, founded by Ralph Waldo Emerson was populated by his essay Nature, as well as other works such as Henry David Thoreau’s Nature. The increasing quality and affordability of such books as well as newspapers, with new perspectives and philosophies printed by new machines, allowed the common people access to new knowledge. Society was now exposed to knowledge such as: philosophy, current events, and political information which brought up the level of education of the common man. Not only were books made cheaper and more available, an abundance of higher quality goods and services such as better foods, clothes, and a better transportation system now became available to the society. As Horace Greenley of the New York Tribune accounts: â€Å"We have universalized all the beautiful and glorious results of industry and skill†¦ We have made them a common possession of the people†¦. We have democratized the means and appliances of a higher life (Art and Industry 58). Greenley is saying that the Progress of the Age has brought high quality goods previously only for aristocrats down to the common people, raising the living standard of the common people: a true democratic value. Out of all these technological breakthroughs, the railroad became the symbol of the Progress of the Age and the expansion of democratic ideals. Even artists of the Hudson River School such as Thomas Cole recognized the locomotive in their paintings. In River in the Catskills, Thomas Cole blends the locomotive with nature, suggesting a natural harmony between them as Americans civilized the new lands. The locomotive became a symbol of the drive of civilization, spreading it and America’s democracy to new, unseen horizons. These unseen horizons were discovered through the reforms in the Antebellum Era, whose roots were mainly evangelical – religion tied into the belief that equality and salvation should be offered to everyone. This brought back tensions between the North and South when slavery became an issue with those ideals, which made the acted reforms not just a movement towards equality, but towards democracy as well. One of the most important reform movements in American history was the creation of the American Anti-Slavery Society in 1833. The Declaration of Sentiments was established and those who wished to join the society had to sign the document which pledged to â€Å"secure to the colored population†¦all the rights and privileges that belong to them as men and as Americans. † This reform was different than most, because the people involved decided to use the old tactic of â€Å"moral suasion† instead of violence. These society members campaigned across the U. S. especially aiming to influence the South. They published abolitionist newspapers and other literature to raise awareness, attempted to make antislavery societies in every state and every town, and eventually brought so many petitions to Congress that although the â€Å"Gag Resolution† tabled them, the awareness it raised about slavery occurred everywhere. Not only was this the effect of the society, but it also showed Americans that all people could make a difference if joined together, not just the government, which expanded ideas of democracy. William Lloyd Garrison, among other strong abolitionists, acted as a leader in the fight for all-around equality in the United States. He dedicated his life to slavery abolition, publishing the newspaper, The Liberator and writing in it, â€Å"On this subject, I do not wish to think, to speak, or write, with moderation†¦I am in earnest – I will not equivocate – I will not excuse – I will not retreat a single inch – and I will be heard. † Not only did his words anger people enough to cause the bloody slave revolt in Virginia led by Nat Turner, but it also made abolitionists of others as well. His words inspired Frederick Douglass to publish his newspaper, North Star, at Rochester. They inspired Theodore Dwight Weld to declare an end to slavery and leave the Lane Seminary and their white society with 75 others by his side, naming themselves the â€Å"Lane Rebels. † He spent the rest of his life being a devoted member of the Ohio Antislavery Society and giving speeches throughout Ohio and Pennsylvania, encouraging the establishment of other antislavery societies. Abolitionists for women’s rights like Henry B. Stanton who was also a â€Å"Lane Rebel†, and his wife, Elizabeth Cady Stanton were also strong leaders, as well as the Grimke sisters in taking on the roles normally given to men. These powerful reformers were able to influence the population to join them in reforms, creating the sense that they could all make a difference together, and reform the republic government to a democratic one instead. With the idea of equality comes the idea of democracy, so when reform movements for slavery abolition and women’s rights began, so did the widespread belief of a new democratic government.